# This is program with dictionary
# Create a dictionary to store information about a person
person = {
    "first_name": "Abdullah",
    "last_name": "Khanani",
    "age": 15,
    "city": "Los Angeles"
}

# Accessing values in the dictionary
print("First Name:", person["first_name"])
print("Last Name:", person["last_name"])
print("Age:", person["age"])
print("City:", person["city"])

# Modifying values in the dictionary
person["city"] = "San Diego"  # Update the city

# Adding a new key-value pair to the dictionary
person["country"] = "USA"

# Accessing the updated values
print("Updated City:", person["city"])
print("Country:", person["country"])

# Deleting a key-value pair from the dictionary
del person["country"]

# Checking if a key exists in the dictionary
if "country" in person:
    print("Country:", person["country"])  # This will not be executed because "country" was deleted
else:
    print("Country not found.")
    
    
if "city" in person:
    print("City:", person["city"])  # This will not be executed because "country" was deleted
else:
    print("City not found.")

First Name: Abdullah
Last Name: Khanani
Age: 15
City: Los Angeles
Updated City: San Diego
Country: USA
Country not found.
City: San Diego

# This is program with Output
# Input: Length and width of the rectangle
length = float(input("Enter the length of the rectangle: "))
width = float(input("Enter the width of the rectangle: "))

# Calculate the area of the rectangle
area = length * width

# Output the result
print(f"The area of the rectangle with length {length} and width {width} is {area} square units.")

The area of the rectangle with length 6.0 and width 9.0 is 54.0 square units.

# Program with Input and Output
# Get user input
user_name = input("Enter your name: ")

# Display a greeting
print("Hello, " + user_name + "! Welcome to the interactive program.")

# Get a number from the user
user_age = input("Enter your age: ")

# Convert the input to an integer
try:
    user_age = int(user_age)
except ValueError:
    print("Invalid age input. Please enter a valid number.")
else:
    # Perform some logic based on the age
    if user_age < 18:
        print("You are a minor.")
    elif user_age >= 18 and user_age < 65:
        print("You are an adult.")
    else:
        print("You are a senior citizen.")

Hello, Sergi! Welcome to the interactive program.
You are a minor.

# Program with List
# Create an empty list
numbers = []

# Get the number of elements in the list from the user
num_elements = int(input("Enter the number of elements in the list: "))

# Get the elements from the user and add them to the list
for i in range(num_elements):
    element = float(input(f"Enter Number {i + 1}: "))
    numbers.append(element)

# Display the list
print("List of numbers:", numbers)

# Calculate and display the sum of the numbers
total = sum(numbers)
print("Sum of numbers:", total)

# Calculate and display the average of the numbers
average = total / len(numbers)
print("Average of numbers:", average)

# Find and display the maximum and minimum values in the list
maximum = max(numbers)
minimum = min(numbers)
print("Maximum value:", maximum)
print("Minimum value:", minimum)

List of numbers: [20.0, 9.0, 9.0, 7.0]
Sum of numbers: 45.0
Average of numbers: 11.25
Maximum value: 20.0
Minimum value: 7.0

# Program with Iteration
# Get user input for the number
n = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Initialize variables
factorial = 1
i = 1

# Calculate factorial using a while loop
while i <= n:
    factorial *= i
    i += 1

# Display the result
print(f"{n}! = {factorial}")

4! = 24

# Program with a Function to perform mathematical and/or a statistical calculations
import statistics

def calculate_statistics(numbers):
    # Calculate mean
    mean = sum(numbers) / len(numbers)
    
    # Calculate median
    median = statistics.median(numbers)
    
    # Calculate standard deviation
    std_deviation = statistics.stdev(numbers)
    
    return mean, median, std_deviation

# Example list of numbers
data = [15, 45, 69, 88, 25, 57, 73, 31, 99]

# Calculate statistics using the function
mean, median, std_deviation = calculate_statistics(data)

# Display the results
print("Data:", data)
print("Mean:", mean)
print("Median:", median)
print("Standard Deviation:", std_deviation)

Data: (15, 45, 69, 88, 25, 57, 73, 31, 99)
Mean: 55.77777777777778
Median: 57
Standard Deviation: 28.981795052143415

# Program with a selection/condition
# Get user input for a number
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Check if the number is even or odd
if number % 2 == 0:
    print(f"{number} is an even number.")
else:
    print(f"{number} is an odd number.")

9 is an odd number.

# Finish with a Program with Purpose
# Define a function to calculate the square of a number
def calculate_square(number):
    square = number ** 2
    return square

# Get user input for a number
try:
    number = float(input("Enter a number: "))
except ValueError:
    print("Invalid input. Please enter a valid number.")
else:
    # Calculate the square using the function
    result = calculate_square(number)

    # Display the result
    print(f"The square of {number} is {result}.")

The square of 4.0 is 16.0.